As individuals age, which of the following contributes to increased venous disease?

Decreased elastin production is a significant factor contributing to increased venous disease as individuals age. Elastin is a critical protein found in the connective tissue of the venous walls that provides elasticity and resilience. Aging is associated with a natural decrease in elastin production, leading to weaker and less flexible vein walls. This diminished elasticity can result in veins that are unable to effectively manage blood flow, thereby predisposing individuals to conditions such as venous insufficiency and varicose veins.

As venous walls become less elastic, they may stretch and become more susceptible to damage and dysfunction. This impaired function affects the veins' ability to return blood to the heart, which can lead to an accumulation of blood in the veins, further exacerbating venous disease symptoms. Understanding the role of elastin in maintaining healthy venous function is crucial when considering the impacts of aging on the venous system.